The separation of S. littoralis subcoriacea from S. adriatica is questionable, as is the separation of the latter from S. littoralis. The subcoriacea form has been recorded from Greece and Turkey. Adriatica/subcoriacea_x001E_like specimens have also been examined from the mountains of Kirgizia, suggesting the existence of two main Eurasian groups of debatable taxonomic rank: one trans_x001E_Palaearctic, boreal/boreo_x001E_alpine (littoralis s.s.), and one ranging disjunctively from mountainous Middle Asia over Asia Minor to mountainous and coastal Balkan, including Gulf of Venezia (adriatica/subcoriacea).
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