Literature
- Esaki, T. 1950. Hemiptera: Heteroptera. In: Iconographia Insectorum Japonicorum, 2nd edn: 179-270. Hokuryukan, Tokyo.
- Matsumura, S. 1931. 6000 illustrated insects of Japan-Empire: 1-191, 1-1497. Tokyo..
- Tomokuni, M. 1985. Heteroptera of the Oki Islands, Shimane Prefecture, Japan 18: 153-161. Bulletin of the National Science Museum.
- Uhler, P.R. 1860. Hemiptera of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition under Com'rs Rodgers and Ringgold 12(1861): 221-231. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.