Literature
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- Distant, W.L. 1899b. Rhynchotal notes.- III Heteroptera: Discocephalinae and Pentatominae (part) 4: 421-445. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7).
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- Nuamah, K.A. 1982. Karyotypes of some Ghanaian shield-bugs and the higher systematics of the Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) 3(1): 9-28. Insect Science and its Application.
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- Westwood, J.O. 1837. In: Hope, F.W. A catalogue of Hemiptera in the collection of the Rev. F. W. Hope, M. A. with short latin diagnoses of the new species: 1-46. Bridgewater, London.