Literature
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- Scudder, G.G.E. 1957d. The higher classification of the Rhyparochrominae (Hem., Lygaeidae) 93: 152-156. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine.
- Slater, J.A. 1964a. A catalogue of the Lygaeidae of the world. I, II: i-xviii, 1-1668. Waverly Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA..