Literature
- Bergroth, E. 1918. Studies in Philippine Heteroptera, I 13: 43-73, 75-126. Philippine Journal of Science (D).
- Distant, W.L. 1903a. Contributions to a knowledge of the Rhynchota 47: 43-65. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique.
- Scudder, G.G.E. 1957d. The higher classification of the Rhyparochrominae (Hem., Lygaeidae) 93: 152-156. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine.
- Slater, J.A. 1964a. A catalogue of the Lygaeidae of the world. I, II: i-xviii, 1-1668. Waverly Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA..