Literature
- Dohrn, A. 1860c. Beiträge zu einer monographischen Bearbeitung der Familie der Emesina 14: 206-255. Linnaea Entomologica.
- Kirkaldy, G.W. 1907c. Notes on Central American hemipterous fauna 39: 248-250. Canadian Entomologist.
- Wygodzinsky, P. 1966. A monograph of the Emesinae (Reduviidae, Hemiptera) 133: 1-616. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History.